ABSTRACT
The most common reason for discontinuing use of Depo-Provera contraceptive is due to their association with menstrual disorders. The injectable hormonal contraceptive Cyclofem has been marketed worldwide to reduce menstrual disorders such as spotting and amenorrhea. How extent of these methods can be effective in reducing these disorders is unclear. This study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of Cyclofem and Depo-provera on menstrual bleeding patterns. In this clinical trial, 64 women [30 Person in Cyclofem users group and 34 Person in Depo-Provera users group] with normal menstrual blood flow participated, Candidate were placed in two groups randomly. The first injection of Depo-Provera and Cyclofem was administered within the first 5 days of menstrual cycle. Bleeding events of women were recorded in the menstrual diary card during these three months and then collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18. At the end of 3 months, 76.7% of the group who received Cyclofem and 55.9% Depo-Provera users had normal menstrual cycles. Irregular bleeding was the most common presenting abnormal pattern for both groups [20-26%]. Average of bleeding and spotting days was 21 +/- 2.5 in Cyclofem and 22 +/- 1.9 in Depo-Provera. However, there was no significant difference between groups. This study have been prove that in the first three months of use of Cyclofem and Depo-Provera, there were no significant difference in bleeding patterns menstrual
ABSTRACT
This study was based on the fact that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is increasing rapidly especially among the middle aged group. Identification of the disease by using an accurate and noninvasive method is of great importance. For this reason in this study, comparison of two methods of the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection [the presence of antibody in the serum and antigen in the stool] using ELISA tests with gold standard method were carried out. Blood samples were taken from 192 patients who for various reasons indicated endoscopy for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori and are referred to the Taleghani hospital. The presence of antibody against Helicobacter pylori were checked in serum samples and at the same time stool samples were also collected from each patient and the presence of antigen in the stool samples were also checked. Using the gold standard method, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative productive values for both methods were determined and the results for ELISA that recognized the antibody in sera were 91.6, 85.4, 86.0, 91.0 and for ELISA that recognized the antigen in stool samples were 96.8, 97.9, 97.9, 96.9 respectively. Our results shows that stool antigen testing is more accurate compared with the antibody detection in the serum samples
ABSTRACT
Domestic violence against women is a subject with considerable attention and as an important public health problem worldwide, and despite numerous studies about the consequences of domestic violence on women's mental health, there are still many unknown aspects. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of domestic violence and its role mental health in women referred to health centers under the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services in 2010-2011. A cross-sectional multistage cluster sample survey was performed on 500 patients who were referred to health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and health services. In this study were age range between 15-65years and lack of depression during the life. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire on violence and SCL90. Woman was considered violated when she had given at least 1 positive answer to the related question. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis of SPSS and chi-square and Mann Whitney test. The result showed that%84.8 [424 cases] of women have experienced different types of domestic violence in life. The emotional violence with the%81.2 had the highest prevalence, and sexual and physical violence [%41.8 and%40.4 respectively] were the next category. Comparison mental state of two groups of abused and non-abused women based on nine subscales of the original SCL-90 and General Severity Index [GSI] showed that in all dimensions, the violent group's scores were much higher than the non-violent group's scores. Mann-Whitney test was showed significant differences in 9 primary symptom dimension subscales: somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychosis [P<0.01]. Domestic Violence against women persists at epidemic levels in Iran and it appears to have considerable compact on field of mental health
ABSTRACT
In patients who undergo coronary angioplasty, Clopidogrel resistance is accompanied with increased risk of cardiovascular events [unstable angina, recurrent MI, death, etc]. In different studies resistance to Clopidogrel has been reported to be up to 30%. Identification of these patients and determining the contributing factors can help us to reduce cardiovascular events. This cross-sectional study was carried out on candidates of elective percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] in Shahid Modarres Hospital. Resistance to Clopidogrel was evaluated by platelet aggregometry in platelet-rich-plasma [PRP] using a routine aggregometer [Helena Biosciences Europe]. The platelet aggregation was measured before and after exposure to 20 micro mol ADP as a reagent. Contributing factors such as age, gender, metabolic factors and medications were examined by Chi-square test. This study was run on 90 candidates for elective PCI. Their mean age was 62.6 +/- 10.2 years and 52.2% were male. 20% were semi-responder and 7.8% was non-responder. Gender, hypertension, obesity, using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers did not have any role in Clopidogrel resistance, but diabetes, hyperlipidemia, using beta blockers and statins were more common in Clopidogrel resistant patients [p<0.005]. Considering both non-responders and semi-responders, prevalence of resistance to Clopidogrel was 27.8%, so we must be worried about it. Further larger studies should be designed to determine and manage the contributing factors